The Mediterranean basin countries are considered secondary centres of tomato diversification.However,information on phenotypic and allelic variation of local tomato materials is still limited.Here we report on the evaluation of the largest traditional tomato collection,which includes 1499 accessions from Southern Europe.Analyses of 70 traits revealed a broad range of phenotypic variability with different distributions among countries,with the culinary end use within each country being the main driver of tomato diversification.Furthermore,eight main tomato types(phenoclusters)were defined by integrating phenotypic data,country of origin,and end use.Genome-wide association study(GWAS)meta-analyses identified associations in 211 loci,159 of which were novel.The multidimensional integration of phenoclusters and the GWAS meta-analysis identified the molecular signatures for each traditional tomato type and indicated that signatures originated from differential combinations of loci,which in some cases converged in the same tomato phenotype.Our results provide a roadmap for studying and exploiting this untapped tomato diversity.

Clara Pons;Joan Casals;Samuela Palombieri;Lilian Fontanet;Alessandro Riccini;Jose Luis Rambla;Alessandra Ruggiero;Maria del Rosario Figás;Mariola Plazas;Athanasios Koukounaras;Maurizio E.Picarella;Maria Sulli;Josef Fisher;Peio Ziarsolo;Jose Blanca;Joaquin Cañizares;Maria Cammareri;Antonella Vitiello;Giorgia Batelli;Angelos Kanellis;Matthijs Brouwer;Richard Finkers;Konstantinos Nikoloudis;Salvador Soler;Giovanni Giuliano;Stephania Grillo;Silvana Grandillo;Dani Zamir;Andrea Mazzucato;Mathilde Causse;Maria José Díez;Jaime Prohens;Antonio Jose Monforte;Antonio Granell

Instituto de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana(COMAV),Universitat Politècnica de València,València,Spain;Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas(IBMCP).Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas(CSIC),Universitat Politècnica de València,València,Spain;Department of Agri-Food Engineering and Biotechnology/Miquel Agustí Foundation,Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya,Campus Baix Llobregat,Esteve Terrades 8,08860 Castelldefels,Spain;Institute of Biosciences and BioResources(IBBR),National Research Council of Italy(CNR),Via Università 133,80055 Portici,Italy;Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences(DAFNE),University of Tuscia,01100 Viterbo,Italy;INRAE,UR1052,Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes 67 Allé des Chênes,Centre de Recherche PACA,Domaine Saint Maurice,CS60094,Montfavet,84143,France;HM Clause,Portes-lès-Valence,France;Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences(DAFNE),Università degli Studi della Tuscia,Viterbo,Italy;Aristotle University of Thessaloniki,School of Agriculture,Laboratory of Vegetable Crops,Thessaloniki,54124 Greece;Italian National Agency for New Technologies,Energy and Sustainable Economic Development(ENEA),Casaccia Research Centre,Rome,Italy;Hebrew University of Jerusalem,Robert H Smith Inst Plant Sci&Genet Agr,Rehovot,Israel;Group of Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Plants,Laboratory of Pharmacognosy,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Aristotle University of Thessaloniki,54124 Thessaloniki,Greece;Wageningen Univ&Res,Plant Breeding,POB 386,NL-6700 AJ Wageningen,Netherlands;Agroindustrial Cooperative of Tympaki,70200 Tympaki,Greece

园艺研究（英文）

[1]Clara Pons;Joan Casals;Samuela Palombieri;Lilian Fontanet;Alessandro Riccini;Jose Luis Rambla;Alessandra Ruggiero;Maria del Rosario Figás;Mariola Plazas;Athanasios Koukounaras;Maurizio E.Picarella;Maria Sulli;Josef Fisher;Peio Ziarsolo;Jose Blanca;Joaquin Cañizares;Maria Cammareri;Antonella Vitiello;Giorgia Batelli;Angelos Kanellis;Matthijs Brouwer;Richard Finkers;Konstantinos Nikoloudis;Salvador Soler;Giovanni Giuliano;Stephania Grillo;Silvana Grandillo;Dani Zamir;Andrea Mazzucato;Mathilde Causse;Maria José Díez;Jaime Prohens;Antonio Jose Monforte;Antonio Granell-.Atlas of phenotypic,genotypic and geographical diversity present in the European traditional tomato)[J].园艺研究（英文）,2022(01):309-324

culinary,phenoclusters

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