Lithium plating in working batteries has attracted wide attention in the exploration of safe energy stor-age.Establishing an effective and rapid early-warning method is strongly considered but quite challeng-ing since lithium plating behavior is determined by diverse factors.In this contribution,we present a non-destructive electrochemical detection method based on transient state analysis and three-electrode cell configuration.Through dividing the iR drop value by the current density,the as-obtained impedance quantity(Ri)can serve as a descriptor to describe the change of electrochemical reaction impedance on the graphite anode.The onset of lithium plating can be identified from the sharp drop of Ri.Once the dendritic plated lithium occurs,the extra electrochemical reactions at the lithium inter-faces leads to growing active area and reduced surface resistance of the anode.We proposed a protocol to operate the batteries under the limited capacity,which renders the cell with 98.2％capacity retention after 1000 cycles without lithium plating.The early-warning method has also been validated in in-situ optical microscopy batteries and practical pouch cells,providing a general but effective method for online lithium plating detection towards safe batteries.

Lei Xu;Yi Yang;Ye Xiao;Wen-Long Cai;Yu-Xing Yao;Xiao-Ru Chen;Chong Yan;Hong Yuan;Jia-Qi Huang

School of Materials Science and Engineering,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology,Department of Chemical Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Shanxi Research Institute for Clean Energy,Tsinghua University,Taiyuan 030032,Shanxi,China

能源化学

[1]Lei Xu;Yi Yang;Ye Xiao;Wen-Long Cai;Yu-Xing Yao;Xiao-Ru Chen;Chong Yan;Hong Yuan;Jia-Qi Huang-.In-situ determination of onset lithium plating for safe Li-ion batteries)[J].能源化学,2022(04):255-262

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