Ruppeiner geometry has been successfully applied in the study of the black hole microstructure by combining with the small-large black hole phase transition,and the potential interactions among the molecular-like constituent degrees of freedom are uncovered.In this paper,we will extend the study to the triple point,where three black hole phases coexist acting as a typical feature of black hole systems quite different from the small-large black hole phase transition.For the six-dimensional charged Gauss-Bonnet anti-de Sitter black hole,we thoroughly investigate the swallow tail behaviors of the Gibbs free energy and the equal area laws.After obtaining the black hole triple point in a complete parameter space,we exhibit its phase structures both in the pressure-temperature and temperature-horizon radius diagrams.Quite different from the liquid-vapor phase transition,a double peak behavior is present in the temperature-horizon radius phase diagram.Then we construct the Ruppeiner geometry and calculate the corresponding normalized curvature scalar.Near the triple point,we observe multiple negatively divergent behaviors.Positive curvature scalar is observed for the small black hole with high temperature,which indicates that the repulsive interaction dominates among the microstructure.Furthermore,we consider the variation of the curvature scalar along the coexisting intermediate and large black hole curves.Combining with the observation for different fluids,the result suggests that this black hole system behaves more like the argon or methane.Our study provides a first and preliminary step towards understanding black hole microstructure near the triple point,as well as uncovering the particular properties of the Gauss-Bonnet gravity.

Shao-Wen Wei;Yu-Xiao Liu

Lanzhou Center for Theoretical Physics,Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics of Gansu Province,School of Physical Science and Technology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;Institute of Theoretical Physics&Research Center of Gravitation,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability,Qinghai Normal University,Xining 810016,China

理论物理

[1]Shao-Wen Wei;Yu-Xiao Liu-.The microstructure and Ruppeiner geometry of charged anti-de Sitter black holes in Gauss-Bonnet gravity:from the critical point to the triple point)[J].理论物理,2022(09):127-140

Ruppeiner,Quite

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