A Hardy-like proof of quantum contextuality is a compelling way to see the conflict between quantum theory and noncontextual hidden variables(NCHVs),as the latter predict that a particular probability must be zero,while quantum theory predicts a nonzero value.For the existing Hardy-like proofs,the success probability tends to 1/2 when the number of measurement settings n goes to infinity.It means the conflict between the existing Hardy-like proof and NCHV theory is weak,which is not conducive to experimental observation.Here we advance the study of a stronger Hardy-like proof of quantum contextuality,whose success probability is always higher than the previous ones generated from a certain n-cycle graph.Furthermore,the success probability tends to l when n goes to infinity.We perform the experimental test of the Hardy-like proof in the simplest case of n=7 by using a four-dimensional quantum system encoded in the polarization and orbital angular momentum of single photons.The experimental result agrees with the theoretical prediction within experimental errors.In addition,by starting from our Hardy-like proof,one can establish the stronger noncontextuality inequality,for which the quantum-classical ratio is higher with the same n,which provides a new method to construct some optimal noncontextuality inequalities.Our results offer a way for optimizing and enriching exclusivity graphs,helping to explore more abundant quantum properties.

WEN-RONG QI;JIE ZHOU;LING-JUN KONG;ZHEN-PENG XU;HUI-XIAN MENG;RUI LIU;ZHOU-XIANG WANG;CHENGHOU TU;YONGNAN LI;ADáN CABELLO;JING-LING CHEN;HUI-TIAN WANG

Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics and School of Physics,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,China;School of Physics,Henan Normal University,Xinxiang 453007,China;Theoretical Physics Division,Chern Institute of Mathematics,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,China;National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093,China;Naturwissenschaftlich-Technische Fakult?t,Universit?t Siegen,57068 Siegen,Germany;Departamento de Fisica Aplicada Ⅱ,Universidad de Sevilla,E-41012 Sevilla,Spain

光子学研究（英文）

[1]WEN-RONG QI;JIE ZHOU;LING-JUN KONG;ZHEN-PENG XU;HUI-XIAN MENG;RUI LIU;ZHOU-XIANG WANG;CHENGHOU TU;YONGNAN LI;ADáN CABELLO;JING-LING CHEN;HUI-TIAN WANG-.Stronger Hardy-like proof of quantum contextuality)[J].光子学研究（英文）,2022(07):1582-1593

NCHVs,NCHV,noncontextuality,exclusivity

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