Background:Metal oxide(MO)nanomaterials and related nanocomposites have been extensively studied for their potential use in water treatment.Because of their controlled morphologies,texture qualities,variable surface chemistry,distinct crystalline nature,high stability,and tunable band edges,MO nanos-tructured materials are highly selective towards deleting organic contaminants and heavy metal ions via adsorption and semiconductor photocatalysis.Metal-enhanced photocatalysis has recently received in-creasing interest,mainly due to the ability of the metal to directly or indirectly degrade pollutants.A diverse selection of MOs,with titanium dioxide(Ti02),zinc oxide(ZnO),iron oxides(10),and tungsten(W),as well as graphene-MOs nanocomposites with variable structure,crystalline,and morphological properties,offers a powerful platform for the growth of effective catalysts.Methods:The current work discusses novel advancements and potential for the removal of adsorptive and photocatalytic degradation of organic compounds(phenolic,pesticide molecules,dyes,and so on)as well as heavy metal ions using semiconductor materials.A photocatalyst based on a MO-scheme het-erostructure can manage the appropriate conduction band(CB)and valence band(VB)locations,securing considerable redox aptitude.This review should be of interest to the broad readership dealing with ap-plied and fundamental aspects of water treatments and material sciences.Various strategies including surface modification,plasmonic enhancement,and metal cocatalysts have been introduced to enhance photocatalytic performance.Significant findings:The current article discussed the significantly utilized synthesis strategies and mecha-nism of heterojunction photocatalysts using a Z-scheme.Furthermore,adsorption sections guarantee that mercury,chromium,cadmium,arsenic,and lead-based ions are successfully removed from polluted water via the adsorption route.Numerous characteristics,such as concentration,coexisting ions,pH,and kind of chemical have converged to comprehend the adsorption procedure.The technological challenges and fu-ture approaches are discussed to maximize the photocatalytic and adsorption efficacy and the reusability of MO-based nanomaterials for water security.

Usman Qumara;Jahan Zeb Hassan;Rukhsar Ahmad Bhatti;Ali Raza;Ghazanfar Nazir;Walid Nabgan;Muhammad Ikram

Solar Cell Applications Research Lab,Department of Physics,Government College University Lahore,54000 Punjab,Pakistan;Department of Physics,University of Lahore(Chenab Campus),Adjacent Chenab Bridge,Gujrat,50700 Punjab,Pakistan;Department of Physics,University of Sialkot(USKT),1-Km Main Daska Road,Sialkot,51040 Punjab,Pakistan;Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering,Sejong University,Seoul 05006,Republic of Korea;Departament d'Enginyeria Química,Universitat Rovira i Virgili,Av Pa?sos Catalans 26,43007 Tarragona,Spain

材料科学技术（英文版）

[1]Usman Qumara;Jahan Zeb Hassan;Rukhsar Ahmad Bhatti;Ali Raza;Ghazanfar Nazir;Walid Nabgan;Muhammad Ikram-.Photocatalysis vs adsorption by metal oxide nanoparticles)[J].材料科学技术（英文版）,2022(36):122-166

tructured,MOs,readership

Photocatalysis,adsorption,by,metal,nanoparticles,Background,Metal,nanomaterials,related,nanocomposites,have,been,extensively,studied,their,potential,water,Because,controlled,morphologies,texture,qualities,variable,surface,chemistry,distinct,crystalline,nature,stability,tunable,band,edges,nanos,are,highly,selective,towards,deleting,organic,contaminants,heavy,via,semiconductor,photocatalysis,enhanced,has,recently,received,creasing,interest,mainly,due,indirectly,degrade,pollutants,diverse,selection,titanium,dioxide,Ti02,zinc,ZnO,iron,oxides,tungsten,well,graphene,morphological,properties,offers,powerful,platform,growth,effective,Methods,current,work,discusses,novel,advancements,removal,adsorptive,photocatalytic,degradation,compounds,phenolic,pesticide,molecules,dyes,using,scheme,erostructure,manage,appropriate,conduction,CB,valence,VB,locations,securing,considerable,redox,aptitude,This,review,should,broad,dealing,plied,fundamental,aspects,treatments,sciences,Various,strategies,including,modification,plasmonic,enhancement,cocatalysts,introduced,performance,Significant,findings,discussed,significantly,utilized,synthesis,mecha,nism,heterojunction,photocatalysts,Furthermore,sections,guarantee,that,mercury,chromium,cadmium,arsenic,lead,successfully,removed,from,polluted,route,Numerous,characteristics,such,concentration,coexisting,kind,chemical,converged,comprehend,procedure,technological,challenges,approaches,maximize,efficacy,reusability,security

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